款冬总皂苷提取优化及其降脂抗氧化作用研究

On Extraction and Optimization of Total Saponins from Tussilago farfara L. and Its Effect of Blood-lipid and Anti-oxidation

探讨了超声波辅助提取款冬总皂苷以及款冬总皂苷对高血脂模型小鼠降血脂及抗氧化的作用。利用响应面法将工艺条件优化,并对总皂苷进行纯化;连续4周喂食高脂饲料构建高血脂模型小鼠,设立款冬总皂苷高、中、低(100,200和400 mg/kg)剂量组对高血脂模型小鼠进行灌胃,另设立空白对照组和模型对照组,灌胃0.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液(CMC-Na),4周后分别测定每组小鼠血清中血脂指标:总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C);测定抗氧化指标,肝组织中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。试验结果表明:料液比为1︰43(g/m L),提取温度为51℃,提取时间为13min,提取次数2次,得率为5.22%。款冬叶总皂苷纯化后纯度为60.4%;款冬总皂苷可以有效调节其血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C浓度,且降脂作用与剂量呈依赖关系;款冬总皂苷能降低其肝组织中MDA的含量,提高GSH、T-SOD的含量,说明款冬总皂苷具有良好的抗氧化作用。得到款冬总皂苷的最佳提取工艺稳定可行;款冬总皂苷可以降低高血脂模型小鼠的血脂水平,且具有一定的抗氧化的效果。

Total saponins were extracted by alcohol extraction and ultrasonic assisted method from Tussilago farfara L. leaf to investigate the effect of hypolipidemic and antioxidant in hyperlipidemia model mice. Process conditions were optimized by the response surface and total saponins were purified; Hyperlipidemia model mice were structured by feding with high-fat diet for 4 week, at the same time, hyperlipidemia model mice were administered with total saponins from Tussilago farfara L.（100, 200, 400 mg/kg）, control group and model control group were administered with 0.5% CMC-Na for 4 weeks, the blood lipid index of mice were measured in serum total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）; Determinate the antioxidant liver index, total superoxide dismutase（T-SOD）, malondialdehyde（MDA）, and glutathione（GSH） content. The results showed that the liquid ratio was 1︰43（g/m L）, the ultrasonic temperature was 51 ℃, the extraction time was 13 min, extraction times was 2, and the extraction rate was 5.22%. The purity of total flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L. was 60.4%. Total saponins could effectively regulate the concentration of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, and lipid-lowering effect in dose dependence; Total saponins from Tussilago farfara L. could reduce the content of liver tissue in MDA, increased the contents of GSH and T-SOD, and showed that toal saponins from Tussilago farfara L. has good anti-oxidation. Get the best extraction process of total saponins from Tussilago farfara L. which was stable and feasible; Total saponins could reduce blood lipid level in hyperlipidemia model mice, and had a certain antioxidant effect.