基于帽形冲击实验的Q&P钢冲击性能研究

Study on impact property of Q & P steel based on cap-shaped impact test

冲击及吸能性能是高强钢在汽车安全中的重要特性,基于帽形冲击实验及仿真,对QP980、DP980和DP780钢的吸能特性及其规律性展开对比分析及研究。进行了厚度为1.6 mm的3种板料帽形试样碰撞实验,对碰撞实验进行了有限元仿真,通过比较相同冲击速度下实验与仿真中压溃力-时间曲线、最大压溃距离及变形模式,验证了仿真模型的准确性,并基于仿真模型,预测了不同初始碰撞能量情况下试样的变形模式及变形行为。通过实验及有限元仿真,分析比较了QP980、DP980、DP780的吸能特性及其规律性,结果发现QP980的冲击碰撞性能较好,且相同碰撞能量下,DP980与QP980的帽形件变形模式基本相同。

Impact and energy absorption properties are important features of high strength steel in the automotive safety. Based on cap- shaped impact test and finite element analysis, the energy absorption characteristics and regularity of QP980, DP980 and DP780 were compared and analyzed, and three kinds of plate cap-shaped specimens with thickness of 1.6 mm were conducted by the impact test. Then, the above impact tests were simulated by finite element method, and the accuracy of the simulation model was verified by comparing curves of crushing force versus time, maximum crushing distance and deformation modes in finite element simulation and experiment under the same impact velocity. Furthermore, the deformation mode and deformation behavior of the specimens under different initial impact en- ergies were predicted based on the simulation model. Finally, the energy absorption characteristics and regularity of QP980, DP980 and DP780 were compared and analyzed by experiments and finite element simulation. The results show that the impact properties of QP980 are better, and the deformation modes of cap-shaped parts DP980 and QP980 are basically the same under the same impact energy.