传统村落保护度评价体系及其实证研究——以湖南省首批中国传统村落为例

THE PROTECTION AND ITS EVALUATION SYSTEM OF TRADITIONAL VILLAGE:A CASE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL VILLAGE IN HUNAN PROVINCE

传统村落在全球化、现代化和城镇化进程中面临诸多破坏,因此,传统村落保护研究显得尤为迫切。本文从原真度、活态度、完整度、传承度四个方面,构建了传统村落保护度评价指标体系及其评价函数。在对其保护状态进行阶段划分的基础上,通过湖南省的案例研究发现:(1)湖南首批中国传统村落保护度整体处于中度保护,且内部差异明显;(2)四项准则层中原真度和整体度较好,而活态度和传承度较低;(3)24项指标内部差异较大,建筑风格原真度等两项指标较好,而农业生产活态度等3项指标则较弱;(4)案例研究验证了构建的评价体系的科学性和评价函数的可行性。

Traditional villages are rich in natural and cultural resources. They are called the ＂living fossil＂ of China rural historical cultural and natural heritage, and the key to know Chinese agricultural civilization. The scientific evaluation of the effect of the traditional village protection is not only the core of the study of the traditional village protection, but also the basis for the establishment of relevant protection management mea- sures. This paper constructs the evaluation index system from the perspective of the cultural continuity and the value inheritance of the traditional village based on the method of theoretical analysis, target analysis and empirical, which include 24 indicators, and evaluate function of the protection of traditional villages from au- thenticity, integrity, living and value. Then, it evaluated the first traditional villages in Hunan province based on the evaluation system. The result found： 1） The traditional village protection state is divided into five stag- es： strict protection, good protection, better protection, mild protection and poor protection; 2） The overall protection of the first of Hunan traditional villages is moderate, and their difference are very obvious; 3） The development status of the 4 standards also has great differences, the authenticity and integrity are better, and the living and Inheriting are low; 4） 24 indicators internal differences is greater, architecture style authentici- ty and architecture material authenticity are better, and agriculture production living, handicraft living and process aesthetic inheriting etc are low.