英德市2009—2016年手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis of the Epidemiology of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease in Yingde from 2009 to 2016

目的分析英德市2009—2016年手足口病流行特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集"中国疾病预防控制信息管理系统"中英德市的手足口病例数据,采用描述流行病学方法对英德市2009—2016年手足口病疫情报告资料进行统计分析。结果英德市2009—2016年共报告手足口病15 126例,年均报告发病率为170.64/10万,其中重症54例,死亡6例;男性9 734例,女性5 392例,男女性别比为1.81∶1;发病年龄最小2天,最大69岁,发病以5岁以下儿童为主,占报告发病总数的96.07%,重症与死亡病例多发生于3岁以下儿童;职业以散居儿童为主,占发病总数的81.92%;全年各月份均有发病,发病高峰集中在5~7月份,占发病总数的60.96%。结论英德市手足口病呈高发态势,其发生具有时间、性别、年龄和职业差异,低龄、男性儿童是手足口病的高发人群,今后应采取持续开展健康教育宣传、加强日常监测工作、有效处理疫情和进行疫情风险分析等综合性防治措施,切实预防和控制英德市手足口病的暴发流行。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in Yingde from 2009 to 2016, inorder to provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. METHODS Descriptive epidemiology was usedto analysis HFMD cases in Yingde from 2009 to 2016 which were collected from Information Management System for Disease Preven-tion and Control in China. RESULTS There were 15 126 cases of HFMD cases reported in Yingde from 2009 to 2016, the average an-nual incidence rate was 170.64 per 100 000, including 54 severe cases and 6 death cases. 9 734 cases were male,5 392 cases werefemale, the male/female ratio was 1.81∶1; Incidence Minimum aged 2 days, Maximum aged 69, the incidence was dominated by chil-dren below 5, the total number accounted for 96.07% of the reported cases, severe cases and death cases occur mostly in children un-der 3 years old; the main patients were scattered children, the total number accounted for 81.92% of the reported cases;the cases oc-cured every month, mainly from May to July, the total number accounted for 60.96% of the reported cases. CONCLUSION The preva-lence of HFMD was high in Yingde, which occured with time, sex, age, occupation, age male children were high incidence.It shouldtake comprehensive measures to prevent and control the outbreak of HFMD in Yingde, such as continuous health education and pub-licity, strengthening routine monitoring, effectively handling the epidemic and conducting epidemic risk analysis.