贮藏温湿度对接种粉红单端孢霉的苹果毒素含量及相关生理指标的影响

Effect of different temperature and humidity conditions on the toxin content and related physiological indexes of apple inoculated with Trichothecium roseum

以接种粉红单端孢霉的红富士苹果为试材,通过测定不同温湿度条件下贮藏期间果实中毒素种类及含量、粉红单端孢霉生长及相关生理指标的变化,从而明确贮藏温湿度对接种苹果产生毒素水平及相关生理指标的影响。结果表明:不同贮藏条件对接种后果实的腐烂程度及毒素积累量的影响如下,在2、15、25℃温度条件下,随温度的升高果实的腐烂程度加重,粉红单端孢霉在2℃虽能生长但并不产生毒素,在15、25℃温度条件下在贮藏期均有TeA毒素检出,且25℃条件下苹果中毒素含量高于15℃。在65%~70%、75%~80%、90%~95%湿度条件下,贮藏在75%~80%湿度条件的接种苹果腐烂程度最严重,TeA毒素积累量最大。在同一湿度条件下,接种苹果中毒素积累与苹果在贮藏期间的腐烂直径及乙烯释放量呈显著正相关;在同一温度条件下,贮藏湿度越高,苹果中毒素与其各项生理指标的相关性越强。说明贮藏温度和湿度能在一定程度上影响接种苹果中的毒素含量以及相关生理指标的变化。

In order to study the relationship between different temperature or humidity conditions and toxin content and related physiological indexes of red Fuji apples inoculated with Trichothecium roseum by measuring the toxin in apples, the ethylene production, the respiration intensity and the other physiological indexes. The results showed that the effect of different storage conditions on the degree of decay and toxin accumulation were as follows： In the temperature of 2, 15, 25 ℃, the degree of decay and toxin accumulation increased with the increase of temperature. Although Trichothecium roseum can grow at 2 ℃ but does not produce toxins, Te A toxin was detected at（15~25）℃, the toxin content in apple under 25 ℃ higher than 15 ℃. In the humidity conditions of 65%~70%, 75%~80%, 90%~95%, the inoculation of apple stored at 75%~80% was the most serious, and the accumulation of Te A toxin was the largest. Under the same humidity condition, the accumulation of toxin in inoculated apple was positively correlated with the rot diameter of apple during storage and the amount of ethylene release. Under the same temperature, the storage humidity was the higher, the correlation between the toxin in apple and its physiological index was the stronger. It is indicated that the storage temperature and humidity can influence the content of toxin in inoculated apples and the changes of related physiological indexes to some extent.