口腔健康促进项目对养老院老年人牙周健康和生活质量的影响

Impact of oral health promotion project on periodontal condition and life quality of the elderly in long-term care institutions

目的:评价口腔健康促进项目对养老院老年人牙周健康及生活质量的影响。方法:以武汉市2个城区的5所养老院老年人为研究对象,随机整群分为干预组和对照组,在干预组开展为期6个月的口腔健康促进项目,内容包括面对面口腔健康教育和发放牙具等。采用SPSS 21.0软件包,利用t检验和重复测量方差分析比较2组在干预前、后的老年口腔健康评价指数(GOHAI)和临床检查指标的变化,包括简化口腔卫生指数(OHI-S)、牙龈指数(GI)、探诊出血指数(BOP)和牙周袋深度(PD)。结果:共322人完成随访,其中干预组144人,对照组178人。干预前,2组的社会人口学特征、GOHAI总分和临床检查指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。干预后,与对照组相比,干预组的GOHAI总分,OHI-S、GI、BOP均显著改善(P<0.05)。结论:健康教育与行为干预相结合的健康促进项目能够改善养老院老年人的口腔健康相关生活质量及牙周健康状况,是养老机构改善老年人牙周健康的有效措施。

PURPOSE：To assess the impact of oral health promotion project on periodontal condition and life quality of the elderly in long-term care institutions.METHODS：Elder people from 5 nursing homes in Wuhan city were selected and assigned to either the experimental group or the control group by random cluster grouping method.A six-month oral health promotion project was provided to the experimental group.The changes of geriatric oral health assessment index（GOHAI）,oral hygiene index-simplified（OHI-S）,gingival index（GI）,bleeding on probing（BOP） and probing depth（PD）were compared with student＇s t test and repetitive measure analysis of variance using SPSS21.0 software package.RESULTS：A total of 322 subjects completed the study for 6 months,with 144 from the experimental group and 178 from the control group.No significant difference was observed between the two groups in social demographic characteristics,GOHAI scores,OHI-S,GI,BOP and PD at baseline（P〉 0.05）.Greater improvements were observed in GOHAI scores,OHI-S,GI and BOP in the experimental group than the control group after interventions（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSIONS：Oral health promotion project can improve the elderly＇s oral health-related quality of life and periodontal condition.