一种联合锂电池健康和荷电状态的新模型

A New Model of Jointed States of Charge and Health for Lithium Batteries

该文为锂电池的健康和荷电状态监测及估计,提出一种全新的状态空间模型。该模型在利用电池等效电路描述电池特性之外,还为开路电压和荷电状态关系存在的滞回现象提供了描述手段。此外,通过引入电池内阻作为状态变量,并将其与从电池容量和内阻角度定义的电池健康状态进行关联,从而为通过更新内阻而实时更新电池的当前容量提供途径,则新模型可自适应电池的老化而一直保持高的描述精度。分析表明：建立的模型可根据电池给定的健康状态要求来对电池健康和荷电状态进行估计,特别是它能针对不同状态下电池的内阻变化来实时调整模型内阻,进而更新电池的实时容量,来提高模型的实时描述精度。实验结果验证了提出模型的有效性。

In this paper, a new state-space model for lithium batteries has been proposed for state of health estimation and state of charge estimation. In addition to describing the battery characteristics by the equivalent circuit, this model also provided a description method for the hysteresis in the relationship between the state of charge and open circuit voltage. What＇s more, by introducing battery internal resistance as a state variable and correlating internal resistance with battery capacity, the updated internal resistance can be used to update the battery capacity. As a result, this new model can be able to adapt to battery aging and maintain high accuracy. The analysis shows that, this model can estimate states of health and charge based on the requirement of health status of the battery. In particular, it can improve the real-time description accuracy of the model by adjusting the internal resistance and capacity of the battery in real time. Experimental tests show the proposed method has good performance.