技术教育的重要基石:日本职业培训指导员培育的历史演变与制度特点

The Cornerstone of Education Technology: The Characteristics and Enlightenment of the Japanese System of Vocational Training Instructor

教师作为职教发展的重要基础,是保证技术技能型人才培养质量的关键。基于对日本职业培训指导员培育制度的历史演变与培育实践的分析得出,作为日本技术教育的重要基石,日本职业培训指导员培育的制度特点在于:紧贴国家产业发展需要和个人职业生涯发展需求的培育目标定位、基于法律依据的权威性和专业培育机构的正统性确保、职前培养与在职研修相互贯通的体系建构、重视专业实践能力兼顾基础性的课程开发、国家主导与部门合作相互制衡的制度与机制保障,这些都可以为我国职教教师培育的制度创新提供启示。

As an important basis for the development of vocational education, teachers are the key to ensure the quality of technical talents. Through comparative analysis of the historical development and practice paradigm of the system of vocational training instructor in Japan, this study summarizes few institutional characteristics： clear training instructor goal meeting the needs of national industrial development and personal career development; accredited institute and authority based on law; coherent system of pre- and in-service training; curriculum development addressing both practice and foundation; system and mechanism of state-led and department cooperation. These features can provide enlightenment for institutional innovation of vocational teacher education in China.