新疆于田绿洲2015年农业景观要素水足迹计算

Calculation of Water Footprint of Agricultural Landscape Elements in Yutian Oasis of Xinjiang in 2015

水足迹是评价一个地区水资源利用模式以及消费模式的新方法,是目前生态学领域的热点问题。基于水足迹理论,从农、林、牧、渔四个方面对2015年于田县农业景观要素的虚拟水含量进行计算和分析,结果如下:(1)于田县小麦虚拟水总量最多,占于田县总需水量的28.35%,说明小麦为于田县的主要种植作物;(2)于田县主要农业要素单位质量虚拟水含量大小排序为棉花>小麦>葵花>苜蓿>玉米>薯类>葡萄>蔬菜>果用瓜;(3)2015年于田县总灰水足迹为66.8万m3,棉花无论是总灰水足迹还是单位质量灰水足迹都最大;(4)于田县农业景观要素水足迹中,种植及畜牧业生产水足迹分别为:2.31及3.13亿m3,二者消费水足迹共为2.27亿m3;(5)从于田县城乡居民消耗农畜产品来看,除禽肉、奶类及水产品外,乡村居民消耗均高于城镇居民消耗。本文旨在为于田县水资源的可调蓄性和优化农业种植结构提供参考。

Water footprint is a new method to evaluate water resources utilization pattern and consumption pattern in a region. At present,it is a hot issue in the field of ecology. Based on the theory of water footprint,this paper calculates and analyses the virtual water content of the main crops and livestock products of Yutian County in 2015 from four aspects,including agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery.The results are as follows：（1）The total amount of virtual water in Yutian County is wheat,which accounts for 28.35%,indicates that wheat is the main planting crop of Yutian County;（2） The order of crops unit quality virtual water content from large to small is cotton,wheat,sunflower,alfalfa,corn,potato,grape,vegetable and fruit melon;（3）the total grey water footprint of Yutian County is 6.68×10^5 m^3 in 2015.Both the total gray water footprint and unit mass of grey water footprint of cotton are the largest;（4） In Yutian County agricultural landscape elements,the water footprints of the main crops and livestock products produced is 0.231 billion m3 and 0.313 billion m^3,respectively,and the total consumption water footprint of the two elements is 0. 227 billion m^3;（5）From the agricultural and animal products consumption of Yutian County,the consumption of rural residents is higher than that of urban residents,except for poultry meat,milk and aquatic products.The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the optimization of water resources and agricultural planting structure of Yutian County.