露天矿开采爆破振动对尾矿坝稳定性影响研究

Influence Study of Blasting Vibration on the Stability of Tailings Dam in Open-pit Mining

为研究露天矿开采过程中爆破振动波的衰减规律及其对临近尾矿坝稳定性的影响,以苍坑铁矿爆破开采为工程背景,进行爆破开采时尾矿坝振动效应试验。试验结果表明,可用萨道夫斯基公式预测爆破开采产生的地震效应,计算得到爆破地震波衰减参数为K=227,!=1.924;计算推导出该矿区在正常生产情况下,所允许的最大齐爆药量和最小起爆距离;与齐爆药量相比,垂直振速峰值受爆心距的影响更敏感,其随爆心距呈指数变化。

In order to study the attenuation law of blasting vibration wave in open-pit mining and its influence on the stability of adjacent tailings dam, the vibration effect experiments of railings dam during blasting mining were carried out by taking Cangkeng iron mine as a background. The test results showed that the Sadov＇s formula could be used to predict the earthquake effect of blasting mining, and the attenuation parameters of seismic waves caused by blasting were calculated as K = 227 and α= 1.924. The allowable ＂safety thresholds＂, namely the maximum explosive amount and minimum detonation distance, were obtained under the condition of normal production. Comparing with the explosive amount, the vertical vibration velocity peak was more sensitive for the impact of detonation distance, and changed exponentially with the detonation distance.