基于生产数据方差分析的齿轮热处理畸变规律

Distortional rules of gear heat treatment based on variance analysis of production data

采用单因素方差分析方法对齿轮热处理畸变的规律与影响因素进行了分析。讨论了炉组、齿轮型号和材料等因素对重载齿轮的齿轮孔径、键槽宽度的变化规律和齿轮轴的径向圆跳动、齿轮节圆的圆跳动规律的影响。通过统计分析可知,对重载齿轮而言,不同炉组对齿轮热处理畸变规律影响不大,在工艺实施时应注意保持规范化与一致性;齿轮型号对个别齿轮的形状改变规律影响较大,应考虑对它们进行结构优化;材料因素对齿轮热处理畸变规律影响较严重,齿轮选材时应注意性能满足前提下不过高追求钢种的强度级别。研究结果同时说明,方差分析是一种分析齿轮的热处理畸变规律的有效方法。

The influencing factors and distortion rules of gear heat treatment were analyzed by means of one-way variance analysis. Effects of the furnace units,gear types and materials selected on the change rules of the gear hole radius,keyway width,radial run-out of gear shaft and pitch circle run-out of gear were investigated. Through the statistical analysis,it is known that the influence of the furnace units on the rules of heat treatment distortion for the heavy-duty gear is not very large. The normalization and conformity of technique should be respected in the process implementation. For some gears,influence of the gear types on the shape aberrance is large,so that their structural optimization should be made. The influence of materials on the distortional rules is severe. Consequently,it is not necessary to select a high strength level steel when the properties are enough. Meanwhile,the results show that variance analysis is a useful method for analyzing the heat treatment distortion rules.