冰毒成瘾对工作记忆的影响

Effects of Methamphetamine Addiction on Working Memory

目的:探讨冰毒成瘾对工作记忆不同成分的影响。方法:分别选取69名冰毒成瘾个体和健康个体,基于Baddeley的工作记忆多成分模型,采用数字倒背任务、视空广度任务、2-back任务、数字转换任务、数字Stroop任务分别测试言语工作记忆容量、视空间工作记忆容量和中央执行系统的刷新、转换、抑制能力。结果:冰毒成瘾组的工作记忆容量、刷新和转换能力与健康对照组均没有显著差异,但抑制能力显著差于健康对照组。冰毒成瘾个体的抑制能力与成瘾时长和首次使用冰毒的年龄均没有显著相关。结论:冰毒成瘾个体工作记忆的缺陷主要体现在抑制能力的不足。

Objective： To investigate the effects of methamphetamine（MA） addiction on different components of working memory. Methods： We selected 69 methamphetamine abusers as addiction group and 69 healthy individuals as control group. Based on Baddeley multi-component model of working memory, digital backward task and visual-spatial span task were adopted to test the verbal working memory capacity and visual-spatial working memory capacity. The updating ability, transfer ability and inhibition ability of working memory central executive system were assessed by 2-back task, digital conversion task and digital-Stroop task respectively. Results： Working memory capacity, updating ability and transfer ability of two groups were not significantly different. However, inhibition ability of addiction group was significantly lower than healthy group. Moreover, inhibition ability was not related to addiction duration and the age of first use. Conclusion： Defects of working memory in methamphetamine abusers is mainly reflected in the defective of inhibition ability.