团体咨询成员相互共情的影响因素——基于社会关系模型

Influencing Factors of Group Members' Mutual Empathy:Based on Social Relations Model

目的:采用社会关系模型探究团体咨询过程中成员相互共情的变异来源及影响因素。方法:共收集53名成员,10个团体的数据,考察共情能力、共情动机、情绪表达性、自我表露、相似性与相互共情的关系。结果:(1)共情水平和被共情水平的变异主要来源于知觉者变量;(2)共情水平与观点采择、共情动机、相似性显著正相关;相似性更能够预测共情水平;(3)被共情水平与相似性显著正相关。结论:成员的共情水平及被共情水平受自身因素影响。相似性是相互共情中重要的有利影响因素。

Objective： The variance and influencing factors of group members＇ mutual empathy were analyzed using social relations model. Methods： The data of 53 group members from 10 groups were collected and the partial correlates among empathy ability, empathy motivation, emotional expressivity, self-disclosure, similarity and mutual empathy were calculated. Results： （1）The variance of empathic level and empathized level was mainly due to perceiver effect; （2）The empathic level was positively correlated with perspective taking, empathy motivation and similarity; （3）The empathized level was positively correlated with similarity. Conclusion： The empathic level and empathized level of group members are influenced by perceiver factors. Similarity plays an important role in mutual empathy.