空气环境中葡萄球菌的鉴定及耐药性分析

Identification and drug resistance analysis of Staphylococci in air

目的对环境中分离的葡萄球菌进行种属鉴定和药敏实验,研究环境中葡萄球菌的分布状态、生化特性和耐药特征。方法以空气撞击法收集石家庄市距地面10~15 m的室外空气微生物样品37份及某公共场所室内空气样品5份,对分离的细菌纯化培养后进行革兰染色、16S r DNA序列分析、生化鉴定和耐药性分析。结果分离出19株葡萄球菌属细菌,分别属于头状葡萄球菌(6株)、人葡萄球菌(4株)、溶血葡萄球菌(3株)、表皮葡萄球菌(2株)、猪葡萄球菌(1株)、沃氏葡萄球菌(1株)、葡萄球菌科氏亚种(1株)和金黄色葡萄球菌(1株)。环境中人葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌对头孢类、氨基苷类、大环内酯类和氟喹诺酮类药物敏感;人葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌对四环素类药物敏感;葡萄球菌均对磺胺类药物有不同程度的耐药。结论空气环境中存在多种葡萄球菌,且对抗生素有一定耐药性。

Objective To study the biochemical characteristics and drug resistance characteristics of Staphylococci in air.Methods The microorganisms were collected from ambient air at 10-15 m high above the ground and from the indoor air of public places by air impact method in winter haze in Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, then the bacteria were isolated, purified,Gram stained, identified by 16 S r DNA sequence analysis and biochemical experiment. Results A total of 19 strains of Staphylococcus bacteria were isolated, included Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus,Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus cohnii ssp cohnii and Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were sensitive to cephems, aminoglycosides,macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were sensitive to tetracyclines. Most strains of Staphylococci in air were resistant to sulfa drugs. Conclusion There are many kinds of Staphylococci in air environment in Shijiazhuang. These strains have developed resistance to some antibiotics.