敦煌隋朝经变画艺术

The Art of Dunhuang Sutra Illustrations in the Sui Dynasty

本文基于对隋朝敦煌壁画中经变画的全面调查,试图对隋朝经变画在表现技法的发展等方面进行阐释。隋朝的经变画从表现形式上分为四类,1.长卷式构图;2.单幅结构;3.对称构图;4.以说法场面为中心的中轴对称构图。其中第四类成为唐代以后最流行的构图形式。这一形式在隋朝的最终形成,源于六朝以来山水画、建筑画的发展而带来的空间表现技法的成就,而经变画的发展也推动了后来大画面经变中空间表现的日益成熟。

Based on a comprehensive investigation of the sutra illustrations in the Tang dynasty wall paintings at Dunhuang, this paper studies and explains the developments in expressive technique these paintings show. These illustrations can be divided into four categories of composition： 1） long scrolls with multiple scenes; 2） single pictures; 3） symmetrical compositions; and 4） symmetrical compositions focused around a central preaching scene. The fourth among these became the most popular in the Tang dynasty. This type took shape during the Sui dynasty and originated from spatial painting techniques as a result of the development of landscape and building pictures from the Six Dynasties, which combined with concurrent developments in sutra illustration to advance the spatial depictions of large-scale sutra illustrations for ages to come.