废旧线路板富集体中金属与非金属的分离研究

Metal and Nonmetal Separation by Slurry Electrolysis for Waste Printed Circuit Boards Metal Concentrated Scraps

在中国,废旧印刷线路板(WPCBs)的资源化处理一般为破碎后多级物理分选,所得金属富集体中Cu含量约60%,仍含有大量的非金属,需进一步分离。将矿浆电解法应用于此富集体,研究了Cu SO_4·5H_2O、NaCl、H_2SO_4、WPCBs富集体添加量、电流密度和电解时间对WPCBs富集体所含金属与非金属分离率的影响。结果表明:H_2SO_4、NaCl和电解时间对金属与非金属的分离率有促进作用;金属分离率随着电流密度和Cu SO_4·5 H_2O的增加先升高后降低,随着WPCBs添加量的增加而不断降低。当Cu SO_4·5H_2O、H_2SO_4、NaCl分别为30、130、60 g/L时,加入6 g WPCBs金属富集体,80 mA/cm^2下电解4 h,金属的分离率可达95.56%;此条件下所得金属粉末中Cu含量高达97.20%,其次是Fe 1.24%,最后为Al 0.59%、Pb 0.40%、Zn 0.29%、Sn 0.16%。

In China,waste printed circuit boards（WPCBs）are crushed and physical separated.And the obtained WPCBs metal concentrated scraps still contain a large part of non-metals,though Cu contained in these scraps could be up to 60%.To reach a complete separation,slurry electrolysis was applied to these WPCBs metal concentrated scraps and the effect of CuSO4·5H2O,NaCl,H2SO4,WPCBs metal concentrated scraps adding amount,current density and time on separation rate were investigated in details.The results showed that H2SO4,NaCl and time indicated a positive influence on the separation rate,and it increased first and then decreased as the increase of current density and Cu SO4·5H2O.Metal separation rate decreased as the increase of WPCBs metal concentrated scraps adding amount.When Cu SO4·5H2O,NaCl and H2SO4,were respectively30,130 and 60 g/L,6 g WPCBs metal concentrated scraps adding amount was 6 g,metal and nonmetal separation was up to 95.56%at 80 mA/cm^2for 4 h by slurry electrolysis.Under this experimental conditions,Cu in the obtained metal powders was 97.20%,Fe was 1.24%,and the rest were Al,Pb,Zn and Sn,which were 0.59%,0.40%,0.29% and 0.16%,respectively.