垃圾渗滤液处理中CH_4的释放规律及影响因素研究:以生活垃圾焚烧发电厂为例

Study on CH_4 Release Rule and Influence Factor during Leachate Treatment Process:Taking Waste Incineration Power Plant as an Example

为探讨垃圾渗滤液处理过程中CH_4的释放规律,该研究以某垃圾焚烧发电厂渗滤液处理站为对象,通过现场采样监测和实验室分析,研究了该站渗滤液处理各单元CH_4的液面释放通量、溶解态浓度、年释放总量、释放系数以及释放影响因素。结果发现,该站CH_4的最大释放源是厌氧池,占比约96.8%;好氧池中CH_4气体的释放通量和溶解氧的浓度呈显著相关;调节池CH_4气体释放通量和水温呈显著相关;但溶解氧、水温、pH值、亚硝态氮和硝态氮浓度不是影响该站CH_4释放总量的主要因素;该站CH_4的年人均释放系数是872.604~1 387.858 g/a,CH_4的污水流量释放系数是9.467~15.057 g/L,二者均远远大于IPCC报告中关于生活污水的对应值。该研究对完善中国温室气体排放的基础数据、促进垃圾渗滤液处理的节能减排和清洁发展机制(CDM)项目开发,都具有重要的工程实践意义和社会意义。

In order to find the release rule of CH4 during waste leachate treatment process, the discharge flux, disolved concentration, total release amount per year, discharge coefficient and influence factors in a leachate treatment plant are studied by in-site monitoring and laboratory analysis. The results show that CH4 originates mainly from anaerobic tank with percentage of 96.8%. The release flux of CH4 in aerobic tank correlates significantly with the concentrations of dissolved oxygen and that of CH4 in regulating tank correlates with water temperature significantly, while pH value, dissolved oxygen, and concentrations of nitrate and nitrite are not the main factors influenced the cumulative release amount of CH4. The average release coefficient per capita and discharge coefficient of CH4 are detected to be 872.604∽1 387.858 g/（person·a） and 9.467∽15.057 g/L respectively, which are both higher than those of report produced by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change（IPCC）.Therefore, this research is practical and social significant to provide basic data of greenhouse gas emission and promote energy saving, emission reduction as well as the clean development mechanism（CDM） project exploitation.