水库水温模型研究综述

Review of Water Temperature Model Applications in Reservoir

大坝建设对天然河流水温具有重大影响,运用水温模型对电站建设后库区及下泄水水温的时空分异和变化规律进行准确分析和预测,对保护水生生态系统具有重要意义。水温模型在国内外水库水温分层结构和垂向水温模拟,以及涉及河流梯级电站开发的水温累积影响等研究中发挥重要作用。但是国内的相关研究大多建立在国外研发水温模型的基础上,应用时缺乏与之匹配的实测资料,极大地限制中国水库水温研究领域的发展。文章在回顾大坝水温模型发展过程和介绍最新主流水温模型的基础上,提出未来中国水库水温模型发展的方向。

Reservoir construction has great impact on water temperature for the river. Using water temperature models to analyse and predict the space-time difference and variation of water temperature in reservoir and the discharge of water flows is essential for aquatic ecosystem protecting. Water temperature models play a significant role in the research on the simulation of vertical water temperature and the structure of water temperature stratification in reservoir. However, most of researches in China are based on the introduced models and lack of measured data when these models are used, which greatly limits the development of the research.Based on reviewing the development of water temperature models in reservoir and introducing the latest and mainstream water temperature models, future development direction of water temperature models in China is proposed in this paper.