热喷涂高温自润滑涂层研究现状

High Temperature Self-lubricating Coatings Prepared by Thermal Spraying

鉴于现代高技术装备用高温润滑涂层的服役温度越来越高、条件越来越复杂,且对高可靠性及长寿命等方面的要求日益苛刻,亟需研究新型高温自适应润滑涂层材料在其服役条件下的环境适应性和稳定性。综述了目前国内外对该类涂层的组分设计和相关制备技术,重点分析了利用热喷涂技术制备高温自润滑涂层的研究现状,并从制备工艺和涂层组分调控方面阐述了该类涂层研究取得的成果和存在的问题。提出未来针对热喷涂高温自润滑涂层的制备应利用先进的喷涂设备,选用物相组分相近的喷涂粉末,并结合组分设计调控,以涂层具有良好的涂基力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、抗高温氧化性能为前提,使涂层在高温环境下可借助摩擦物理或摩擦化学过程,来赋予其良好的高温自润滑性能,重点研究涂层的组分构效关系和综合应用性能。运用材料氧化热力学-动力学理论,从涂层"高温力学-高温摩擦学-耐高温稳定性"三方面来考核材料的综合使役性能,并探讨其高温润滑摩擦机理。

As high temperature self-lubricating coatings for modern high-tech equipment use are confronted with increasingly complex conditions, high service temperature, and more rigorous requirements for high reliability and long life, it is in urgent need to study environmental suitability and stability of novel high temperature self-adaptive lubricating coatings under service conditions. Component design and relevant preparation technology of the coatings at home and abroad were reviewed. Research status of high temperature self-lubricating coatings prepared by thermal spraying technology was analyzed emphati-cally. Achievements and shortcoming of the technology were elaborated from the aspect of preparation technology and component regulation. It was propose that advanced spraying equipment and spraying powders consisting of similar phase component should be used to prepare thermal sprayed high temperature self-lubricating coatings by referring to component design regulation. Besides, the regulation should guarantee superior mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance so that the coating could exhibit excellent high temperature self-lubricant property by virtue of tribological physical or chemical process at high temperature. Coating structure-activity relationship and comprehensive application property were studied emphatically. Furthermore, material oxidation thermodynamics-kinetic theory was employed to evaluate comprehensive use performance of materials and discuss high-temperature lubricating friction mechanism from the aspects of ＂high-temperature mechanics-high-temperature tribology-high temperature resistance stability＂.