旅游演艺产业内生发展动力的实证研究——以张家界为例

An Empirical Study on the Endogenous Driving Force of Tourism Performing Industry:Taking Zhangjiajie as An Example

文章从人才因素、技术因素、资源因素、社会因素和产业因素5个层面构建旅游演艺产业内生发展测评的动力概念模型,并据此设计了评价指标体系。然后,运用层次分析法和因子分析法对张家界《天门狐仙》《魅力湘西》《梯玛神歌》3台旅游演艺进行实证研究。结果显示:(1)人才因素是旅游演艺产业发展最核心的驱动力,但当前产业过度依赖内部人才,对于外部人才的智慧和创意利用不足,导致了人才结构单一、创新乏力等问题;(2)技术因素持续推动着旅游演艺产业发展,但产业相关人士对科技进步的未来发展趋势和思考判断不足,对未来可能发生的颠覆式产业革命准备不足,也尚未积极思考主动创新的应变之策;(3)资源因素和社会因素是产业发展的协同性驱动力,但如何从高校等社会因素中寻找更广阔的有力支撑,尚缺新型的合作策略和路径;(4)产业因素是产业发展的强制性驱动力,但相关因子的交互作用和过程机理尚待进一步厘清。

Basing on five main factor, such as Talent factors, technical factors, resource factors, social factors and industrial factors, we constructed the evaluation model of endogenous dynamic on tourism performing industry. Then, by using AHP and factor analysis, we carried out the empirical research by taking the Zhangjiajie ＂Tianmen fox spirits＂, ＂Charming Xiangxi＂ and ＂Tima Divine Song＂ as exampes. The results showed that：（1） Talent factors are the core development power of the tourism performing industry, but the industry rely too much upon the internal talent, lacking of using external talent＇wisdom and creativity,and did not fully explore the broad masses of the people, especially the creative community＇s creative wisdom. It is for this reason that leads to a series of problems such as the single talent structure, lacking of innovation and so on. Therefore, in this paper, we suggest that tourism performing enterprises should learn the mode of IP film and television works,so that any creative, all intelligent and talented individuals can participate in the creation. So as to give full play to the wisdom and talent of the external creative talents.（2） Technical factors are the driving force for the development of tourism performing industry. With the acceleration of technological progress, the future of tourism Performing products will be more diversified, its format evolution will be more rapid, and its technical level will be much higher. However, the Industry practitioners, still lack the thinking and judgement on future developing of technological advancement and is also unprepared for the possible subversive industrial revolution in the soon future, also short of the enthusiasm and optimism on the initiative innovation to meet the emergency demand. It is suggested that tourism performing enterprises should actively consider the essential impacts of technical progress on the future of this industry. Also,should focus on original innovation and continual exploration to gain the opportunities in the markets innitiatively, for example, we can apply the touch or environmental simulation effects technology in 3D or 4D film into tourism performing products, just as the VR or other technologies, to promote development of the tourism performing industry.（3） Resource factors and social factors are supportive factors in the development of tourism performing industry. The current public aesthetic taste is undergoing rapid change, and which consequently increase the attraction of local culture. Thus, it provides a wide market foundation for folk tourism performing project. But the University＇s driven potential, which can engage in tourism performing industry by industry-university cooperation and other ways, has not been noticed sufficiently. How to acquire the solid support from the broader social factors（E.G. university） still lack new cooperation strategy and novel pathway.（4） The industry factors are the forced power in the industry development. Among the subfactors,＂ enterprise competition and cooperation＂is the most important factor, which significantly promote the development and continuous innovation of the industry. Nevertheless, the relative factors＇ interaction and process mechanism is not clear and should still be further clarified.