体像不满在儿童肥胖与自尊关联中的间接效应

Indirect effect of body image dissatisfaction on association between obesity and self-esteem among children and adolescents

目的探讨体像不满在儿童超重/肥胖与自尊关联中的间接效应,为提高肥胖儿童自尊水平提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取蚌埠市2所九年一贯制学校524名8~15岁儿童少年为研究对象,测量身高、体重等指标,采用Ma体形图调查儿童体像认知,采用Rosenberg自尊量表评定儿童自尊。结果儿童超重/肥胖率为31.11%,体像不满率为80.73%,自尊总分为(29.58±5.49)分。在男生中,超重/肥胖与自尊的关联无统计学意义,但与体像不满有关(OR=8.94,P<0.01),体像不满与自尊有关(OR=3.33,P<0.01),超重/肥胖通过体像不满对自尊有间接关联效应(OR=13.87,P<0.05)。在女生中,超重/肥胖与自尊有关(χ~2=4.772,P=0.029),但与体像不满关联无统计学意义(χ~2=1.859,P>0.05)。结论男生超重/肥胖可能通过体像不满与低自尊有关,女生超重/肥胖可能直接与低自尊有关。

Objective To analyze the indirect effect of body image dissatisfaction on association between obesity and selfesteem among children and adolescents, and to provide a reference for improving the self-esteem of obese children. Methods Totally 524 students aged 8-15 years selected by stratified cluster sampling method were measured height, weight, and body image was surveyed by Ma body figural shape, and Rosenberg self-regard scale was applied to survey their self-esteem. Results The rate of overweight or obesity was 31. 11%, and the rate of body image dissatisfaction was 80. 73%. The total score of self-esteem was29.58±5. 49. In boys, overweight or obesity was not directly related to self-esteem, but significantly related to body image dissatisfaction（ OR = 8.94,P〈0.01）. In addition, body image dissatisfaction was associated with self-esteem（ OR = 3.33, P〈0.01）. The indirect effect of overweight or obesity on self-esteem through body image dissatisfaction was found（ OR = 13.87, P〈0.05）. In girls,Self-esteem was directly associated with overweight or obesity（ χ^2= 4.772, P = 0.029）, but was not associated with body image dissatisfaction（ χ^2= 1.859, P〉0.05）. Conclusion Overweight or obesity may indirectly affect self-esteem by body image dissatisfaction in boys, however, it may directly affect self-esteem in girls.