旅客出行成本测度研究

The research on the measurement of travel cost

本文为构建旅客出行成本测度模型,从显性和隐性两个角度研究旅客出行成本的成本构成并进行成本测度。将出行成本分为直接购票费用、其他相关费用、时间成本、生理成本和心理成本五个方面。从疲劳恢复时间的角度量化了旅客出行的生理成本,从时间可靠性、运输方式安全性等角度量化了旅客出行的心理成本,最终形成旅客出行成本测度函数。对出行成本进行测度有利于从经济学角度更明确的梳理出行行为的经济性,从而为掌握旅客出行方式选择规律、优化综合运输结构提供理论依据。最后,本文对制定有效的交通需求管理政策提出了相应建议。

In order to build the measurement model of travel cost, the paper analysis the influencing factors of travel cost, cost composition, and make a measurement for travel cost from the explicit and implicit perspective. The travel costs are divided into five aspects： ticket cost, other related cost, time cost, physiological cost and psychological cost. The physiological cost of travel is quantified from the angle of fatigue recovery time. The psychological cost of travel is quantified from the perspective of time reliability and transportation security. Based on the value analysis of travel time, the measurement function of travel cost is finally formed.Building a measurement model of travel cost is beneficial to get the economic theory of the travel behavior from the angle of economics, so as to we can master the rule of the behavior of travel mode choice better and provides the theory basis for optimizing the structure of comprehensive transportation. At last, this paper puts forward some suggestions for managing the traffic demand more efficiently.