北方草原游牧文化经济形态的转变及原因——基于宁夏考古材料的分析

The Transformation of Nomadic Culture and Economy on the Northern Grasslands and Its Causes——Based on the Analysis of Archaeological Materials Collected in Ningxia Autonomous Region

从考古材料看，新石器时代中晚期，银川以南、宁夏中部地区就形成了以牧业为主的细石器文化，宁夏南部地区则表现为定居农耕业文化。春秋战国时期，宁夏地区人群从事的经济生活以畜养、游牧为主。这种经济形态的转变当与环境的变迁、草原畜牧的种类、驯养技术的发展、马的驯养和御马器的出现有关。

Based on archaeological material, Nomadism-based Microlithic culture had already emerged in central Ningxia and southern Yinchuan area in middle and late Neolithic period, and it was settled agricultural culture at that time in southern Ningxia. Later in Spring and Autumn period, economic life of people in Ningxia area were mainly in forms of graziery and nomadic herding. This kind of economic transformation is related to various issues including local environmental changes, species of livestock, development of domestication techniques, horse domestication and the emergence of horse riding equipment.