我国北方农牧交错区农牧生计可持续性评价——以科尔沁左翼后旗为例

Sustainability evaluation in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China: a case study of Khorchin Left Wing Back Banner

我国北方农牧交错区兼具生态及经济脆弱性,促进农牧系统耦合有助于提升区域可持续发展水平。文中运用能值分析手段度量内蒙古科左后旗农牧业生计可持续性,结果表明:(1)科左后旗农牧业生产对环境依赖程度均很高,牧业更明显。(2)农业系统表现为低投入高产出,牧业为高投入低产出;但农业系统的环境承载率更高。(3)农业生产对环境造成的压力大、区域系统竞争力差、可持续性差;而牧业系统环境利用率低、辅助能值投入少、生产效益较低。从能值分析角度看,"为牧而农,因种而牧"的农牧结合关系,是增强农牧系统耦合的重要路径。

The agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China has ecological fragility and economic vulnerability. Promoting the coupling of agriculture and animal husbandry system will be helpful for improving the sustainable development level of the region. Taking Khorchin Left Wing Back Banner,Inner Mongolia as a study case,we measured the sustainability of agriculture and animal raising by using emergy analysis method. The results show that：（ 1） The agricultural and animal raising production was both highly dependent on the environment,and the latter one was more obvious.（ 2） The agricultural system was characterized by low input and high output,while animal raising was described with high input and low output. However,the environmental carrying capacity of agricultural system was higher.（ 3） Agricultural production always caused great environmental pressure,poor competitiveness of regional systems and poor sustainability. However,the production of animal raising had less auxiliary energy input,highly depending on environmental and resulting in lower environmental utilization and production efficiency. From the perspective of emergy,changing the relationship between agriculture and animal husbandry system is an important way to enhance the coupling of agro-pastoral system.