环渤海平原土壤和浅层地下水化学特征的空间关系研究

Spatial correlation between soil and groundwater chemistry characteristics in the plain around the Bohai Sea

通过野外实地勘查和水土样品分析,以深县、南皮和海兴县为典型区,研究了环渤海平原浅层地下水和土壤化学类型在自西向东水平沿线及面域上变化特征、空间格局及空间关系。在自西向东的水平沿线上,土壤不同层位HCO_3^-含量都占据主导地位,Cl-含量明显增加;浅层地下水化学类型呈现由HCO_3为主组分逐渐过渡为由Cl为主组分的化学特征。自西向东三个典型区的土壤化学类型都以HCO_3为主组分,但所占面积比例逐渐减少;浅层地下水化学类型由深县的以SO_4和Cl为主组分,过渡到南皮县的以Cl为主组分,以至到海兴县的全部为Cl型或以Cl为主组分。结果表明,浅层地下水和土壤的化学类型在空间上有一定的稳定性和一致性,表现为相同化学类型或HCO_3^-/(SO_4^(2-)+Cl^-)的比值变化趋势基本一致。土壤含盐量和地下水矿化度分别与HCO_3^-/(SO_4^(2-)+Cl^-)呈幂函数关系,也证明了土壤和浅层地下水化学特性一致性的存在。

To study the soil and shallow groundwater chemistry characteristics in horizontal and vertical directions and its spatial structure of the low plain around the Bohai Sea,three typical study areas Shenzhou,Nanpi and Haixing County of Hebei Province were chosen,groundwater and soil samples were measured,field exploration were taken. Results showed that chloride ion in different soil layers increased from west to east,main chemical constituent of groundwater changed from bicarbonate to chloride. Chloride and sulfate increased obviously with soil depth become deeper. The chemistry type of the soil in all three study counties were bicarbonate,but the area percentage were decreased from west to east. Shallow groundwater chemical types changed from sulfate and chloride to chloride with the study area Shenzhou-Nanpi-Haixing. Overall,chemistry characteristics between the shallow groundwater and soil were same,the ratio between HCO3^- and（ SO4^2-＋Cl^-） changed consistently.