临汾市不同功能区土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价

Distribution characteristics and assessment of soil heavy metal pollutions in different functional areas of Linfen

以临汾市工业区、文教区、公园区、商业区、居民区土壤为研究对象,共采集217个样品。采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法来评价土壤重金属的污染现状。结果表明,土壤重金属Ni、Zn、As、Pb和Mn平均含量均高于山西省土壤背景值,Ni、Zn、As和Pb达到轻污染,Cr、Cu和Mn属于清洁或尚清洁;距工业区、文教区、商业区中心0.5km以内,污染较重,大于1km,污染较轻;不同功能区土壤重金属综合污染指数为:工业区(2.44)>文教区(1.64)>商业区(1.54)>公园区(1.43)>居民区(1.34),工业区污染最严重,呈中污染,其它功能区均呈轻污染。对各功能区重金属污染修复应根据主导原因采取针对性措施,改善城市土壤生态。

The industrial areas,cultural and educational districts,park areas,commercial areas and residential areas in Linfen were selected as the research objects,and 217 soil samples were collected. The single factor pollution index method and Nemerow integrated pollution index method were used to evaluate the pollution status of soil heavy metals. The results showed that the average concentrations of heavy metals Ni,Zn,As,Pb and Mn in soil were higher than the background value of soils from Shanxi Province. The concentrations of Ni,Zn,As and Pb were in a slight pollution stage,Cr,Cu and Mn belonged to clean or proximity clean level. Within 0. 5 km from the center of the industrial areas,cultural and educational districts,and commercial areas,the pollution was more serious; the areas far more than 1 km from the centers,the pollution was slighter. The Nemerow integrated pollution indexes of five areas ranked as follows： industrial areas（ 2. 44） 〉cultural and educational districts（ 1. 64）〉 commercial areas（ 1. 54）〉 park areas（ 1. 43）〉 residential areas（ 1. 34）. Pollution in industrial area was the most serious,with moderate pollution; other functional areas showed slight pollution.