处理综合城市污水的活性污泥颗粒化研究

Aerobic granulation of activated sludge to treat the comprehensive municipal wastewater

针对新疆综合城市污水排放量大、进水有机物浓度波动大、处理效果参差不齐的现象,采用实际综合城市污水在序批式反应器(SBR)培养出粒径达1.03mm左右、沉降性能良好的好氧颗粒污泥,考察污泥性能、除污效果。结果表明:颗粒化过程中污泥容积指数(SVI30)从138m L·g^(-1)降至32m L·g^(-1),污泥浓度(MLSS)稳定在4.5g·L^(-1)左右,胞外聚合物(EPS)中蛋白质(PN)与多聚糖(PS)比值上升。扫描电镜(SEM)下,颗粒污泥结构密实,轮廓清晰,颗粒内部的孔隙和通道为溶解氧和营养物质传递提供了条件。出水化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH_4^+-N)、总氮(TN)达到国家一级A的排放标准;总磷(TP)的去除效果较好,平均去除率为62.3%。

It was reported that comprehensive municipal wastewater in Xinjiang region was mass-produced but ineffectively treated. The aerobic granular sludge with particle size of 1. 03 mm and good sedimentation performance were successfully cultivated in sequencing batch reactor（ SBR） for the treatment of real comprehensive municipal wastewater. Meanwhile,The sludge performance and decontamination effect were investigated. The results showed that the SVI30 decreased from 138 mL·g^-1 to 32 mL·g^-1 and the MLSS was stable at 4. 5 g ·L^-1. The ratio of PN to PS increased in EPS,which was consistent with EPS hypothesis. Observation by SEM revealed that granule sludge had a clear outline and compact structure. The pores in the granule provided transport channel for the delivery of nutrients and dissolved oxygen. Effluent COD,NH4^＋-N,TN to meet the national level A emission standards,The average removal efficiency of TP was 62. 3%,showing a better removal effect.