块茎形成期水分亏缺对马铃薯块茎发育的调控

REGULATION OF WATER DEFICIENCY TO TUBER DEVELOPMENT AT THE TUBER INITIATION STAGE OF POTATO

水分管理不科学是制约我国马铃薯产业发展的重要障碍,其中重要的原因是缺乏对马铃薯水分响应的深刻理解。本研究针对马铃薯块茎形成期对水分敏感这一特性,设置不同水分梯度检测马铃薯叶面积动态、物质积累、产量形成和激素变化。结果显示,马铃薯块茎形成期缺水会显著降低叶面积指数和整株干物质积累量,块茎数量和单株薯重均显著减少,最终导致无法实现高产。缺水期间叶片和块茎中脱落酸(ABA)含量均发生了明显变化,土壤相对含水量越低两器官中的ABA含量升高越显著,推测ABA可能在响应土壤水分状况和产量形成中扮演重要调控作用。该研究为进一步理解马铃薯水分生理奠定了理论基础。

Unscientific water management is the main obstacle for the development of potato industry,in which lacked understanding of potato responded to water dynamic is one of the major reason. Based on the characteristics of potato sensitive to water deficiency at the tuber initiation stage,the leaf area dynamic,dry matter accumulation,yield formation and phytohormone content were checked under different soil water gradients. The results showed that the leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of whole plant decreased dramatically,tuber numbers and weight of single hill reduced significantly and then the yield cut down finally when water deficiency at the tuber initiation stage. The abscisic acid（ ABA） contents in leaf and tuber increased when water deficiency at the stage,the lesser soil relative water content the higher ABA accumulation in the organs. It speculated that ABA might play an important regulatory role on water response and tuber yield formation. The results lay a foundation for further understanding potato water physiology.