边境地区开发开放的国际经验与启示——兼论“一带一路”倡议下我国边境地区的开发开放

International Experience and Enlightenment of Border Areas' Development and Opening up——On China's Border Areas' Development and Opening up along the Belt and Road

我国拥有绵延的陆地边境线,边境地区正成为我国深化与毗邻国家经济合作、推进"一带一路"倡议向纵深方向发展的重点区域。针对世界范围内不同经济发展水平国家之间边境地区的开发开放,本文重点考察了美墨"南—北"型国家、欧盟"北—北"型国家、泰老柬缅"南—南"型国家、新马印"南—北"混合型国家之间边境地区的开发开放,刻画了区域经济一体化进程中边境地区开发开放的背景、主要措施与成效;比较了四类边境开发开放的差别,并得出了一定的经验与启示。结合"一带一路"倡议下我国与周边国家的开发开放合作,提出了四点建议,即加强双边国家政治互信,产业选择应契合双边资源禀赋,基础设施改善与贸易投资便利化并重,以及赋予地方一线政府更大发展自主权。

Border areas are becoming the key areas for China＇s deepening cooperation with neighboring countries and countries along the Belt and Road.According to the development and opening up of border areas between countries at different levels of economic development worldwide,this paper focuses on the four types of border areas＇development and opening up which are the＂South-North＂（US-Mexico）,the＂North-North＂（EU）,the＂South-South＂（Thailand-Laos-Cambodia-Myanmar）and the mixed（Singapore-Malaysia-Indonesia）.After portraying the background,main policies and achievements of border development and opening up from the international experience,this paper puts forward four suggestions on China＇s border areas＇development and opening up along the Belt and Road,which are strengthening bilateral political mutual trust,fitting industrial choice with bilateral resource endowment,improving of infrastructure and trade and investment facilitation,and giving the local governments greater autonomies.