意外考试悖论和认识论问题

The paradox of accidental examination and epistemological problem

意外考试悖论是认识论上的一个经典悖论,它的提出直接对人的"认识"概念产生了很大影响,先前有大量的文献探讨这一个悖论的解决方案。回顾意外考试悖论的各种形式和部分解决方案,以及对于这些解决方案的一些质疑,指出这一些解决方案的不足。鉴于索伦森构造了新的悖论来反驳克里普克的解决方案,于是建立一个公理体系来验证索伦森悖论的合理性,并且基于这一个公理体系讨论其中每一条公理的可行性;同时提出拒斥"知识蕴含真理",引入变量和用更复杂的逻辑系统几种可能的解决方案,来对它们的优劣进行说明。

The accidental examination paradox is a classic paradox on epistemology,which has conducted great impact on people’s concept of ＂knowledge＂,and there is a lot of literature exploring the solution of this paradox. The paper makes a review on the various forms and parts of the accidental examination paradox,and some questions about those solutions,and points out some shortcomings of those solutions. Given Sorensen constructs the new paradox to refute Kripke ’s solution,this paper sets up an axiom system to verify the rationality of paradox of Sorensen,and based on which discusses the feasibility of each axiom; meanwhile,the author proposes rejecting the axiom that ＂knowledge implies truth＂,introducing variables and utilizing more compler logic systems as solutions to the paradox,and compared their advantages and drawbacks.