知识-信念-行为模式对妊娠糖尿病病人自护能力、血糖水平和妊娠结局的影响

Influence of knowledge-belief-behavior model on self-care ability,glucose level and pregnancy outcome of patients with gestational diabetes

[目的]探讨知识-信念-行为模式对妊娠糖尿病(GDM)病人自护能力、血糖水平及妊娠结局的影响。[方法]选取120例GDM病人根据随机数字表将病人分为观察组及对照组各60例,对照组给予常规妊娠期健康教育,观察组应用知识-信念-行为模式进行干预,比较两组病人的自护能力和血糖水平,并对两组病人随访至分娩,比较两组病人的妊娠结局。[结果]干预后,观察组病人自我护理能力总分(128.5分±6.2分)高于对照组(110.5分±5.7分),干预后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平低于对照组,剖宫产、巨大儿发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]知识-信念-行为模式能有效提高GDM病人的自护能力和病人血糖控制效果,减少不良妊娠结局。

Objective：To explore the influence of knowledge-belief-behavior model on self-care ability,blood glucose level and pregnancy outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）patients.Methods：A total of 120 GDM patients who were selected according to random number table,and divided into observation group（n=60）and control group（n=60）.The patients in control group were given routine health education during pregnancy,observation group applied knowledge-belief-behavior model.The self-care ability and blood glucose levels were compared between the two groups aweek before delivery.And Two groups of patients were followed up to delivery,the pregnancy outcomes were compared.Results：A week before delivery,score of self-care ability in observation group（128.5±6.2）was higher than that in control group（110.5±5.7）.Fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin level were lower than those in control group.Good blood sugar control rate and satisfaction rate were higher than those in control group.The incidences of cesarean section,macrosomiawere lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Knowledge-belief-behavior model could effectively improve the self-care ability and blood glucose control effect of GDM patients,and reduce the adverse pregnancy outcome.