不同钾肥用量对寒地水稻产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Rice in Cold Region

以寒地粳稻品种龙粳31为试验材料,研究不同施钾施用量对寒地水稻产量和品质的影响,探索适宜寒地稻作区有利于提高水稻适口性的最佳施钾量。结果表明:一定范围内合理施用钾肥,可以提高水稻分蘖能力,其中N_2P_1K_(1.2)处理分蘖率最高,其产量最高,达9.62 t/hm^2,随着施钾水平的不断提高,产量呈下降趋势;适量增施钾肥可减小稻米垩白度和垩白粒率,提高水稻整精米率;随着施钾量的增加,稻米蛋白质含量不断提高,其中N2P1K0.8~N_2P_1K_(1.2)处理收获的稻米蛋白质含量为7.5%~7.8%,而直链淀粉含量呈现先降低后升高的趋势,其中N_2P_1K_1处理直链淀粉含量最低,为18.7%。从综合食味评分看,N_2P_1K_1处理收获的稻米综合食味值最高,为83.4,食味品质最佳。因此在当地N_2P_1K_1~N_2P_1K_(1.2)处理水平下,能够满足高产、高品质的粳稻种植要求。

The effect of different application amount of potassium application on Yield and quality of rice in cold area was studied with a Japonica Rice Variety long Japonica Rice in cold area. The optimum potassium application rate of rice palatability in cold ground rice area was explored. The results showed that rational application of potassium in a certain range could raise rice tailoring ability, increase seed setting rate and 1000 grain weight, among which the N2P1K1.2 treatment tiller rate was the highest. The yield was up to 9.62 t/hm^2, with the increase of potassium application level, the yield showed a decline trend, the increase of potassium fertilizer could reduce the rice chalkiness and chalkiness grain rate, and significantly increase the rice whole fine rice rate. With the increase of potassium fertilizer, the protein content of rice increased continuously, and the protein content of rice harvested by N2 P1 K0.8-N2P1K1.2 treatment was 7.5%-7.7%,while the amylase content decreased first. After treatment, the amylase content in N2P1K1 treatment was the lowest,which was 18.7%. From the comprehensive eating score, the highest eating quality of N2P1K1 harvested rice was 83.4,and the eating quality was the best. Therefore, at the local N2P1K1-N2P1K1.2 increased level, it can meet the requirements of high yield and high quality japonica rice planting.