论弗兰克·莫莱蒂的“世界文学”理论

ON FRANK MORETTI′S "WORLD LITERATURE" THEORY

意大利籍美国学者弗兰克·莫莱蒂于2000年在《新左派评论》上发表他的《世界文学猜想》,该文引起对"世界文学"研究领域的广泛争议,此后他又发表了《世界文学猜想(续篇)》等文,将社会科学与文学研究方法结合起来,创造性地提出世界文学以十八世纪为分水岭,前者是分开的"地方文学"的镶嵌,后者是一个统一而又不平等的世界文学体系,虽然其出发点是跳出西欧范围的研究,运用达尔文的进化"树"模型和沃勒斯坦的世界体系为其做理论支撑,但是其"中心——半边缘——边缘"的划分模式依然带有着无形的"欧洲中心主义"。

The Italian American scholar Frank Moretti published his ＂Conjecture of World Literature ＂in the ＂New Left School Re-view＂ in 2000. This article caused widespread controversy in the study of ＂World Literature＂. Afterwards, he published ＂TheWorld.＂ The literary conjecture （continuation） and other articles combined the research methods of social sciences and literarystudies and creatively proposed the 18th century as the watershed for the world literature. The former is a separate ＂local lit-erature＂ mosaic, and the latter is a unified but not An equal world literary system and world literature oscillate between thetwo. Although its starting point is to jump out of Western European research, using Darwin＇s evolutionary ＂tree＂ model andWallerstein＇s world system as its theoretical support, its ＂center-half-edge＂ division model still bears intangible ＂ Eurocen-trism.＂