天敌昆虫在我国林业害虫生物防治上的研究进展

Advances in biological control of forest insect pests by using natural enemies in China

长期以来,一些林业本地害虫和外来入侵害虫对我国森林生态系统造成了严重损害或威胁,而天敌昆虫作为一类有效的自然调控因子,对这些害虫的种群抑制发挥了重要作用。本文以日本松干蚧、松突圆蚧、湿地松粉蚧、美国白蛾、椰心叶甲、红脂大小蠹6种重要入侵种以及杨圆蚧、白蜡窄吉丁、松墨天牛、光肩星天牛、栗山天牛、松毛虫等多种本地重要害虫为例,介绍了近50年来利用天敌昆虫进行生物防治的研究状况,对我国林业害虫生物防治实践中存在的问题进行了分析,并对未来天敌昆虫资源的开发与利用等方面进行了展望。

It is generally known that the forest ecosystem has suffered severe attacks by both native and invasive pests in China for a long time,while natural enemies are critical to suppress the population of these pests,as an effective natural regulation factor. The research progress in biological control of forest insect pests by using natural enemies in recent 50 years has been summarized,including six serious invasive species such as Matsucoccus matsumurae,Hemiberlesia pitysophila,Oracella acuta,Hyphantria cunea,Brontispa longissima,Dendroctonus valens as well as several native pests such as Quadraspidiotus gigas, Agrilus planipennis, Monochamus alternatus, Anoplophora glabripennis, Massicus raddei,Dendrolimus spp. Problems in biocontrol has been analysed,as well as prospects for development and utilization of natural enemies in the future.