数字经济--法之类推:民法典亟待革新?

Digital Economy——Analogous Law :German Civil Code in Need of Update?

涉及数字内容的合同非独立的合同类型,其仍受民法典调整,惟须作少许修正。就消费者合同而言,应规定撤回权的起始与消灭,撤回后数据的返还及删除。买卖合同之瑕疵规则依旧适用,租赁合同则应拓宽标的范围并延长终止期间,两者解除之法效果同于撤回。网络无偿给付中的责任源于债务关系,其成立依当事人意思或类似交易之接触判断。数据之保护,契约法上可适用一般规则,侵权法上并无必要创设一项关于数据的绝对权,颁布相应的保护性法律足矣。

The contract involving digital content is not an independent contract type,and it’s still subject to the rules of BGB,although the later needs several new Provisions. Regarding the consumer contract,the beginning and extinction of withdrawal right must be prescribed,as well as the return and deletion of data in the event of withdrawal. While the regulation of sales law remains applicable,the scope of lease object and the notice periods should be extended. The revocation of both purchase and rental contract leads to the same legal consequence like withdrawal. The liability for free performance on the internet lies in the creation of an obligation,which depends on intentions of the parties or judgement according to similar business contacts. The regulation of sales law can with no doubt provide protection for data. However,the creation of an absolute dataright in tort law will be contrary to the principles of necessity and proportionality. Instead,a statute re specting data protection should be su fficient.