塔里木盆地5种藜科植物种子休眠破除方法的研究

Study on Dormancy-breaking Methods of Five Chenopodiaceae Seeds in Tarim Basin

藜科植物是塔里木盆地野生植物中的主要类群,多生长在干旱、盐碱等极端生境中,蕴含丰富的抗逆基因,极具开发利用价值,但因其生存环境恶劣、复杂,种子多具有休眠特性。本试验以具有休眠特性的5种藜科植物种子为材料,研究其休眠破除的方法,旨在为其合理开发利用提供技术参考。结果表明:碱蓬种子打破休眠的最佳方法:150目砂纸打磨1.5min+1 500mg/L的赤霉素(GA_3)溶液浸泡24h;硬枝碱蓬、盘果碱蓬、盐角草种子打破休眠的最佳方法:150目砂纸打磨1.5min+900~1 500mg/L的GA_3溶液浸泡24h;刺藜种子打破休眠的最佳方法:150目砂纸打磨1.5min+1 200~1 500mg/L的GA_3溶液浸泡24h。采用上述方法打破休眠,碱蓬、硬枝碱蓬、盘果碱蓬、刺藜和盐角草种子的最终萌发率分别达到73.33%、92.00%、89.33%、92.00%和90.66%。

Chenopodiaceae plants are the main species of wild plants in Tarim Basin,growing in extreme drought and saline habitats,containing rich resistance genes,whose development and utilization have great value,however many seeds of Chenopodiaceae have dormancy because of its poor and complex living enviroment.In order to provide technical reference for their rational development and utilization,the experiments were conducted with seeds in five Chenopodiaceae with dormancy characteristics as materials to examine dormancy-breaking methods.The results showed that the optimum dormancy-breaking method for Suaeda glauca seeds were sanding with 150 mesh sandpaper for 1.5 min＋soaked in 1 500 mg/L gibberellin solution for 24 h;the optimum dormancy-breaking method for Suaeda rigida seeds,Suaeda heterophylla seeds and Salicornia europaea Linn seeds were sanding with 150 mesh sandpaper for 1.5 min＋soaked in 900-1 500 mg/L gibberellin solution for 24 h;the optimum dormancy-breaking method for Chenopodium aristatum seeds were sanding with 150 mesh sandpaper for 1.5 min＋soaked in 1 200-1 500 mg/L gibberellin solution for 24 h.With the methods mentioned above,final germination rates of Suaeda glauca seeds,Suaeda rigida seeds,Suaeda heterophylla seeds,Chenopodium aristatum seeds and Salicornia europaea Linn seeds were 73.33%,92%,89.33%,92% and 90.66%respectively.