潮流能发电装置支撑结构对水轮机水动力学性能影响研究

Study on the influence of support structure on hydrodynamic performance of tidal turbine

水平轴潮流能水轮机在工作过程中,由于支撑结构的存在,会使水轮机周围流场中的潮流流向、流速等参数发生不同程度的改变,进而影响水轮机的性能和发电装置的稳定性。为了研究支撑结构对水轮机水动力学性能的影响规律,以某100 k W单立柱座底式潮流能发电装置的支撑结构为研究对象,采用CFD方法,分别在正、反向来流时采用不同支撑结构的共六种工况下,对潮流能水轮机模型的获能和受力进行数值模拟。通过水槽模型试验,验证数值模拟的可靠性。研究结果表明:支撑结构对水轮机的水动力学性能的影响不容忽视,针对所研究的支撑结构,在正向来流时水轮机的获能系数降幅约30%,轴向力系数降幅约28%;反向来流时的降幅更大,分别约为63%和41%。

In the working process of horizontal axis tidal turbines,performance of the turbine and stability of the power generation devices would be influenced by the change of parameters of the flow field around the turbine such as the current direction and velocity affected by the support structure. In order to know how the support structure influences the hydrodynamic performance of the tidal turbine,a bottom-seated 100 kW tidal turbine with a single column structure was studied by using CFD method. The performance of energy capturing and the force of the turbine model were simulated under six working conditions with different supporting structures,and both the flow directions of the tidal current and the simulation results were verified by model testing in flume. The results show that the influence of the support structure on the hydrodynamic performance of the tidal turbine is not negligible. With the influence of the support structure,the power coefficient and axial force coefficient might decrease by about 30% and 28% respectively in the forward flow. The power coefficient and axial force coefficient influenced by the support structure might be more severe in the forward flow,which could decrease by about 63% and 41% respectively.