赣东油茶成林土壤养分状况及土壤限制因子研究

Nutrients and Limiting Factors of Soil in Camellia oleifera Fields in East Jiangxi

为探究江西省玉山县油茶林的土壤养分状况,运用土壤养分系统研究法(ASI法),以高粱为指示作物,对玉山县油茶林进行土壤养分测定及评估,分析土壤养分状况及土壤限制因子,为油茶合理施肥提供依据。结果表明:玉山县油茶林地土壤养分含量低,有机质含量偏低,其中P、K、Ca、Mg的含量均远低于临界值。Cu、B、Zn是潜在影响因子。而S、Fe、Mn的含量普遍较为丰富。盆栽试验结果显示:不添加P、K、Ca、Mg的盆栽作物,两试验地分别减产30.86%~42.14%、44.89%~52.51%、73.91%~84.49%、13.42%~18.89%。提示江西省玉山县油茶林在进行养分管理时,需施用大量元素P、K,同时也要平衡添加Ca、Mg微量元素。

The soil fertility of Camellia oleiferafields in Yushan County,Jiangxi Province was analyzed using ASI method.Sorghum was applied as the indicator crop to determine and evaluate the nutrient contents and limiting factors of the soil to provide information for improving the tea oil productivity of C.oleifera.The results showed that the soil was low on nutrients and organic matters.The contents of P,K,Ca and Mg were deficient and considerably below the minimum thresholds,while Cu,B and Zn marginally adequate,for the plant growth.On the other hand,S,Fe and Mn were generally abundant.A potting test for two sites showed that,without added P,K,Ca and Mg,the yield of sorghum plants reduced by 30.86%-42.14%,44.89%-52.51%,73.91%-84.49%,13.42%-18.89%,respectively.To properly fertilize the land,a balanced addition of Ca and Mg as well as P and K was recommended.