物种保护三种道德理由的反思

Reflection on the Three Moral Reasons for Species Preservation

物种的价值以及人们对不同物种(尤其是濒危物种)负有何种道德责任,构成了物种保护伦理问题的研究基点与主旨。以动物权利论、终极价值论、道德情感论作为道德理论的基础,个人主义、整体主义和达尔文主义分别在三种不同层面论证了物种保护的道德理由。对这三种理由合理性与适用性的勘察和反思,既有助于物种保护相关伦理问题研究的深化与展延,也能对物种保护实践提供重要的理论支撑。

The value of species and the ethical duty of people on different species（ including endangered species） constitute the research basis and theme of species preservation. Taking animal rights,final value theory,and theory of moral sentiments as the basis of the moral theory,the moral reasons for species preservation are demonstrated from individualism,collectivism and Darwinism respectively. The investigation of and reflection on the rationality and applicability of the three moral reasons are not only helpful in deepening and extending the study of ethics relevant with species preservation,but also able to provide an important theoretical support for species preservation practices.