基于车轮损伤的地铁动力车辆轮轨匹配研究

Research on Wheel/Rail Matching of Metro Power Vehicle under Wheel Damage

为研究地铁动力车辆轮轨匹配的合理性,基于车轮滚动接触损伤模型,对LM,S1002和DIN5573踏面车轮与60kg·m^(-1)钢轨在1/20和1/40轨底坡下的静态轮轨接触关系进行分析;采用SIMPACK软件,建立传统的非动力车辆模型,考虑持续牵引力和运行阻力的车辆模型,以及既有持续牵引力、运行阻力,又有启动、制动过程的车辆模型,对3种踏面车轮在不同车辆动力学模型、不同线路条件、不同车辆悬挂参数下的车轮损伤进行对比分析。结果表明:地铁启动、制动过程中车轮损伤较大,考虑此过程的车辆模型计算结果更符合实际车轮损伤规律;LM踏面车轮在1/20轨底坡下的轮轨接触关系良好,车轮损伤较小;相比1/20轨底坡,S1002和DIN5573踏面车轮在1/40轨底坡下的轮轨接触关系更优;地铁车辆在站间距较短的直线线路运行时,采用S1002踏面车轮配合1/40轨底坡钢轨,车轮损伤最小,在站间距较长的直线线路运行时,采用LM踏面车轮配合1/20轨底坡钢轨效果最佳;在满足车辆运行稳定性的前提下,适当降低一系悬挂刚度有利于减缓车轮损伤。

In order to study the rationality of wheel/rail matching of metro power vehicle,the static wheelrail contact relationship between wheels with LM,S1002 and DIN5573 treads and 60 kg·m-1 rail under 1/20 and 1/40 rail cant was analysed based on wheel rolling contact damage model.A traditional non-power vehicle model with continuous tractive effort and running resistance,and a vehicle model with continuous tractive effort,running resistance,and the process of starting and braking were built by using SIMPACK software.The wheels with three different treads in different vehicle dynamics models,under different line conditions and with different vehicle suspension parameters were analyzed and compared to study wheel damage.Results show that the wheel damage is greater in the process of starting and braking,and the calculation results of the vehicle model considering this process are more in line with the actual wheel damage law.For wheels with LM tread,the wheel-rail contact relation under the 1/20 rail cant is good and with less damage.While for wheels with S1002 and DIN5573 treads,the wheel-rail contact relation under the 1/40 rail cant is better compared to 1/20 rail cant.When the metro vehicle runs on the straight line with shorter station spacing,the wheel damage is minimum by using wheels with S1002 tread under 1/40 rail cant.When the metro vehicle runs on the straight line with longer station spacing,the effect of wheels with LM tread under 1/20 rail cant is the best.On the premise of satisfying the vehicle operation stability,decreasing the stiffness of primary suspension appropriately is helpful to slow down wheel damage.