草酸钙结石的研究进展

Research progress of calcium oxalate stones

草酸钙结石是泌尿系结石的主要成分。文章综述了草酸钙结石的形成原因、草酸钙结石的体内外研究方法、草酸钙结石与肾小管上皮细胞损伤的关系、肾草酸钙结石与氧化应激的关系、肾草酸钙结石中活性氧簇的来源、肾草酸钙结石与抗氧化疗法等方面的研究概况,并由此对肾草酸钙结石的治疗提供了新的观点和思路。草酸降解酶系能催化草酸分解为过氧化氢和二氧化碳,减少胃肠道对草酸的吸收,降低机体内草酸浓度,不利于草酸钙结石的形成。因此,筛选出高效、低毒的草酸降解酶系来预防草酸钙结石必将成为未来研究的热点。

Calcium oxalate stones are the main components of the urinary calculi. The reasons for the formation of calcium oxalate stones,the methods of researching calcium oxalate stones in vivo and in vitro,the relationship between renal tubular epithelial cell injury and calcium oxalate stones,the relationship between renal calcium oxalate stones and oxidative stress,the source of reactive oxygen species in renal calcium oxalate stones and renal calcium oxalate stones with antioxidant therapy were summarized in this paper.A new viewpoint was also provided for the treatment of renal calcium oxalate stones. Oxalate degradation enzymes can degrade oxalic acid into hydrogen peroxide and carbon dioxide to reduce the absorption of oxalic acid in the gastrointestinal and then limit the formation of calcium oxalate stones. Therefore,it will become a research hotspot in the future to screen oxalate degradation enzymes with high efficiency and low toxicity for calcium oxalate stones prevention.