取走死者财物的刑法认定——基于空间区分的立场

Identify to Take the Property of the Deceased in Criminal Law:on the Theory of Space Distinction

取走死者财物在刑法上应如何认定,取决于如何界定死者财物是否处于占有状态以及占有人如何认定。对此,应以空间区分为基本立场进行分析:私密空间内,死者财物属于其继承人占有;公共空间内,继承人在现场的,死者财物的占有人为其继承人,继承人不在现场的,死者财物处于公共空间的管理者占有之下;开放空间内,继承人在现场的,由继承人占有,继承人不在现场的,该财物处于无人占有状态。根据取走死者财物的空间不同,结合行为人取走财物的具体方法,行为人可分别构成抢劫罪、盗窃罪和侵占罪。

The problem of how to identify to take the property of the deceased in criminal law depends on how to define the possession condition and the possessor of the deceased＇s property.The theory of space distinction can solve the problem.In private space,the heirs occupy the deceased＇s property.In public space,the heirs occupy the deceased＇s property if they are in the scene.The possessor of the deceased＇s property is the public space manager if the heirs are not in the scene.In open space,if the deceased＇s heirs are in the scene,they occupy the property.If they are not in the scene,the deceased＇s property is not the possession state.According to the difference of the space taken away of the property of the deceased and the concrete methods of taking the property,the perpetrator can constitute the crime of robbery,theft and embezzlement.