叶梗比对烟草废弃物好氧堆肥腐熟度的影响

Effect of leaf-stalk ratio on aerobic composting maturity process of tobacco waste

为探究废弃烟叶与烟梗共同堆肥转化处理时的较佳配比,利用好氧堆肥反应器研究不同叶梗比下堆肥的性质变化,并借此评价堆肥稳定性及腐熟度。叶梗质量比为9∶1和8∶2的堆肥温度超过55℃持续3 d以上,堆肥结束时,其电导率不超过限定值0.3 S/m、铵态氮达到阈值400 mg/kg、硝态氮稳定在1 200 mg/kg附近,有机质的氧气呼吸速率分别稳定在2.3、2.1 g/(kg·h)、发芽指数分别为105%和118%,而叶梗比为6∶4的处理发芽指数未超过80%,仅为72%。结果表明:梗的添加在一定范围内加快了堆肥启动,延长了高温持续分解时间,促进了堆肥稳定和腐熟,但过高添加量不利于堆肥过程的进行。叶梗比8∶2最有利于堆肥的快速启动以及堆肥的稳定和腐熟。该研究为烟草废弃物堆肥转化工艺提供了基础数据。

This paper aims to explore the better ratio between discarded tobacco leaves and tobacco stalks,when subjected to compost conversion processing. The experimental research involves investigating the way the composting process varies with different leaf-stalk ratio and thereby evaluating the compost stability and maturity aerobic composting reactor. The compost temperature with the leaf-stalk ratio of9∶ 1 and 8∶ 2 exceeds 55 ℃ for more than 3 days and these two composting processes end with conductivity no more than the limit value of 0. 3 S/m; the NH4＋-N up to a stable value of 400 mg/kg; the NO3--N remaining stable at the value of 1 200 mg/kg; their oxygen respiration rates stabilized at 2. 3,2. 1 g/（ kg·h）,with the GI being 105% and 118% respectively,in contrast to the germination treatment index with the leaf stem ratio of 6∶ 4 not exceeding 80%,only at 72%. The results demonstrate that stalk addition could provide advantages： a faster compost,a longer high temperature decomposition duration,and greater composting stability and maturity,however,excessive addition proves not conducive to the composting process. The leaf-stalk ratio of 8∶ 2 is most favorable to a faster,more stable and mature composting. The study may provide basic data for the conversion process of tobacco waste composting.