左宗棠家风:内容、体系与价值

Zuo Zongtang's Family Tradition: Its Content,System and Value

晚清"中兴名臣"左宗棠非常重视对子女后代的教育问题,他置身军旅,驰驱戎马,仍不忘远方教子,家书不断,实属难能可贵。总体来看,左宗棠家风于本质上是其报国观的代际投射,体现了他"轻科名,重实学"的人才选任理念和"重义轻利"的朴素道德哲学观点。从内容体系上看,左宗棠家风可以归结为五个要点,即志存高远、崇俭广惠、经世致用、谨慎自抑与知恩图报。左宗棠家风所体现出的德育、伦理思想在当时产生了深远影响,这些影响主要体现在晚晴器物革新的救亡实践中。这些思想对当下的社会德育涵化和家庭教养方式同样具有示范和借鉴意义,但是,我们也应当认识到左宗棠家风、家训的历史局限性,甄别其中具有时空跨域性的思想资源,摈除其中带有封建保守性和落后性的思想因素,使其发挥应有的当代价值。

In the late Qing Dynasty, Zuo Zongtang as a ＂ Zhongxing famous minister＂ paid great attention tothe education of his children and descendants. On the whole, Zuo Zongtang＇s family style is the intergenerational projection of his view of the country in essence, which embodies the idea of selecting the talent of ＂ priority to practical learning rather than official position＂ and the plain moral philosophy of ＂ highlighting righteousness rather than benefit＂ . From the perspective of content system, Zuo Zongtang＇s family tradition can besummed up in five main points： lofty aspirations, lofty frugality, widest application, prudence and self restraint, and gratitude. The moral and ethical thoughts embodied in Zuo Zongtang＇s family style had a profoundinfluence at that time, and these effects were mainly reflected in the practice of salvation in the renovation ofthe late Qing Dynasty. These ideas also have a demonstration and reference significance to the social moral education acculturation and the way of family teaching at that time. However, we should also recognize the historical limitations of Zuo Zongtang＇s family style and family training, identify the ideological crossdomain resources beyond space and time, and eliminate the ideological factors with feudal conservatism and backwardness, so as to give full play of his role to the contemporary value.