浪流集成发电机组研究与试验

Study and experiment of wave-flow integrated power-generation unit

为提高能源捕获和能量转换效率,改善水轮机叶片对流场性能的影响,以发展海洋可再生能源发电装备技术为目标,采用流体力学中ANAYS仿真模拟和试验对比研究的方法,提出一种双向浪流集成发电机组。该装置采用柔性直驱式永磁发电机,省去中间的增速机构,实现了小型模块化供电,提高了水轮机能量转换效率。为提高水轮机能量系数,优化流场性能,设计了双向导流罩,研究不同导流罩张角对流场的影响,对其进行仿真分析,并针对不同张角的导流罩进行模拟,得到最佳导流罩张角。水槽试验结果表明:该装置最大功率点的取值取决于叶轮叶片的结构参数、导流罩的大小和电动机的效率。增设导流罩可以降低流体在导流罩内的湍动干扰作用,改善叶轮在流场环境下的运行效果。导流罩扩口最佳角度在25°附近。该装置具有低速起动性能好、不需要换向以及效率高等特点,可以在流速较低、双向来流的条件下推广使用。

In order to enhance the efficiencies of both energy capture and energy conversion for improving the influence from the hydro-turbine blade on the flow-field performance,a bidirectional wave-flow integrated power-generation unit is proposed herein with the methods of ANAYS simulation in fluid dynamics and experimental comparison by taking developing the power-generation equipment technology for ocean renewable energy as the target. Without the intermediate accelerating mechanism,a flexible direct-drive permanent magnet generator is applied to the device,and then the small modular power supply is realized,which enhances the energy conversion efficiency of the hydro-turbine. For enhancing the energy coefficient of the hydro-turbine and optimizing the flow-field performance,a bidirectional flow-deflector is designed,for which the influences of various spread-angles of the flow-deflector on the flow field are studied with the relevant simulative analysis,furthermore,the simulations are made for the flow-deflectors with various spread-angles,thus the optimal spread-angle for the flow-deflector is obtained. The result from the relevant flume experiment shows that the value of the maximum power point depends on the structural parameters of the impeller blade,the size of the flow-deflector and the efficiency of the electromotor. Adding flow-deflector can lower the interference from fluid turbulence and improve the operation effect of the impeller under the environment of flow field. The optimal angle of the flared hood for the flow-deflector is near 25°. The device has the characteristics of better low-speed starting performance,noncommutation,high efficiency,etc.,and it can be used under the conditions of lower flow rate and bidirectional inflow.