慢性胆汁淤积性肝病患儿辅食喂养现况及影响因素研究

Status and determinants of complementary feeding practices in children with cholestatic liver disease

目的探讨慢性胆汁淤积性肝病患儿的辅食喂养现况,分析其影响因素,为医护人员制定干预措施提供参考。方法采用质性研究和量性研究相结合的方法,通过"6~24月龄中国婴幼儿喂养指数"对76例慢性胆汁淤积性肝病患儿进行辅食喂养现况调查,通过最大差异法选取10名辅食添加不合格的家长进行半结构式访谈探索喂养体验。结果患儿喂养合格率13.2%;6~8月龄患儿的辅食添加率为44.1%,9~11月龄为81.3%,12~24月龄为100%;40.8%的患儿24h添加辅食种类0~1种,22.4%添加辅食种类≥4种。访谈共提炼4个主题:担心患儿生长发育,知识缺乏、喂养误区多、不重视辅食添加。结论慢性胆汁淤积性肝病患儿辅食添加严重不合理,医护人员应对家长进行辅食添加指导,提高患儿辅食添加质量,促进生长发育。

Objective To evaluate complementary feeding practices in children with cholestatic liver disease and explore the influencing factors,so as to provide reference for formulating targeted intervention.Methods A mixed-methods study design was used.Complementary feeding practices were evaluated in 76 children with cholestatic liver disease using the Infant and Child Feeding Index for child aged 6-24 months in China through a cross-sectional survey,then 10 parents who had inappropriate feeding practices were interviewed to gather their fee-ding experience.Results Only 13.2% of children received qualified feeding.Strictly,44.1% of children aged 6-8 months,81.3% of children aged 9-11 months,and 100% of children aged greater than 12 months received complementary feeding.A total of 40.8% of children were fed with 0-1 complementary food,and 22.4% of children were fed with ≥4 complementary foods.Four themes were identified through the interview data,including worry of children′s growth and development,lack of feeding knowledge,misunderstanding of complementary feeding,and ignorance of complementary feeding.Conclusion Complementary feeding practices in children with cholestatic liver disease are seriously unreasonable,so nursing staff should provide education for parents about complementary feeding to ameliorate quality of complementary feeding and improve growth and development of children.