PCI术后再狭窄患者膳食营养素摄入状况调查

Dietary nutrient intake in patients developing in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者膳食营养素摄入状况及与支架再狭窄的关系。方法将240例PCI术后行造影复查的冠心病患者按支架再狭窄与否分为再狭窄组71例、非再狭窄组169例,采用一般资料调查表、食物频率问卷进行调查。结果两组均存在膳食营养素摄入过量与不足情况;水果类、蔬菜类食物摄入不足,油脂类及盐摄入过量再狭窄组显著高于非再狭窄组(P<0.05,P<0.01);硫胺素、核黄素、叶酸、维生素C、维生素E、镁、锌、硒摄入不足再狭窄组显著高于非再狭窄组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 PCI术后患者膳食摄入不合理情况普遍,再狭窄组更为严重。医护人员及患者、家属均应引起重视,避免重油重盐食物,增加蔬菜水果类以及维生素矿物质的摄入,做到营养均衡,可有效避免支架再狭窄。

Objective To explore the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and the occurrence of in-stent restenosis in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）.Methods A total of 240 patients with coronary heart disease after PCI were divided into two groups according to their coronary angiography results：a restenosis group of 71 cases and a non-restenosis group of 169 cases.Patients of both groups were surveyed by using ageneral information questionnaire and the Food Frequency Questionnaire.Results Either excessive nutrient intake or deficient nutrient intake were observed in patients of both groups.The restenosis group had low fruit and vegetable consumption,whereas high fat and salt intake compared with the non-restenosis group（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.The restenosis group had significantly lower intake of thiamine,riboflavin,folic acid,vitamin C,vitamin E,magnesium,zinc,selenium compared with the non-restenosis group（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.Conclusion Dietary nutrient intake is irrational in patients after PCI,particularly in patients developing restenosis.The situation should be paid attention to by medical staffs,patients and their family members.Fat and salt consumption should be reduced,whereas fruit and vegetable consumption,as well as vitamins and minerals,should be increased,thus to achieve balanced nutrition and avoid in-stent restenosis.