昆明市大学生社会支持现状调查及对策

The Status Quo and Countermeasures of College Students' Social Support in Kunming

当今社会,大学生面临的竞争越来越大,长期的压力会引发个体的抑郁、焦虑、退缩、孤独感、低自我效能感和低个体耐受力等消极心理,良好的社会支持有助于缓解以上问题。对昆明市8所高校在校大学生采用"社会支持评定量表"(SSRS)探讨大学生社会支持的状况,分析人口学变量对大学生社会支持的影响。结果表明,昆明市大学生总体社会支持度处于较好水平,但主动寻求帮助的学生较少,社会支持总分女生显著高于男生,农村学生显著高于城镇学生,大二、大三、大四学生均显著高于大一学生。在学生成长和个人发展中,引导他们重视社会支持,形成求助意识,养成求助行为对提升学生的心理健康水平十分重要且必要。

College students are facing more and more competition in the present days. They will have negative psychology problems under the pressure for a long time, such as depression, anxiety, flinch, aloneness, low self-efficacy and low individual tolerance. Social support can help alleviate these problems. Based on the investigation and analysis of college students from 8 universities in Kunming,this study uses ＂social support revalued scale＂ to reveal the status quo of social support for the students, and analyzes the influence of demographic factors on the social support. The result shows that the overall social support of college students in Kunming is at a good level, but there are few students who can initiatively seek for support. In general, social support for female students is higher than for male, and that for students in rural areas is higher than urban areas. Also, sophomore, junior and senior students get significantly higher support than freshmen. In the process of student growth and personal development, it is very important and necessary to guide them to attach importance to social support, form a consciousness of help, and develop help-seeking behavior to improve their mental health.