不同肥料配施对西瓜果实营养积累及土壤脲酶活性的影响

Effects of Vermicompost Co-applide with Different Fertilizer on Fruit Nutrition Accumulation and the Urease Activity in Rhizosphere Soil of Watermelon

[目的]研究西瓜膨瓜期不同肥料配施对西瓜果实营养积累及土壤根际脲酶活性的影响,为西瓜优质生产及有机废弃物的资源化利用提供科学依据。[方法]在大田试验条件下,研究蚓粪、鸡粪、化肥不同配施处理对西瓜叶绿素、果实营养积累及土壤脲酶活性的影响。[结果]与不施肥(CK)相比,追施膨瓜肥的不同处理不仅对西瓜叶绿素含量、果实可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、甜度均有不同程度的提高,而且对西瓜根际土壤脲酶活性也有不同程度的影响,表现为含有有机肥的各处理脲酶活性与对照相比均呈逐渐上升趋势,而单施化肥处理呈先上升后下降的趋势。[结论]综合比较各项指标,鸡粪与蚓粪(JY)配施处理西瓜果实营养积累效果更佳,是较理想的配施措施。

[Objective] Effect of its application vermicompost co-applide with different fertilizers on fruit nutrition accumulation and the urease activity in rhizosphere soil of watermelon during the fruiting period was studied,and provide important scientific basis of watermelon high-quality production and agricultural organic waste recycling.[Method] Effects of different combinations treatments of vermicompost,chicken manure and chemical fertilizers on watermelon chlorophyll nutrition accumulation and soil urease activity were studied under field condition.[Result] Compared to the CK（ neither urea nor vermicompost and chicken manure was applied） treatment,topdressing different combinations treatments not only increased the content of chlorophyll,soluble sugar and soluble protein as well as sweetness in watermelon,but also affected the urease activity in rhizosphere soil of watermelon in varying degrees.Compared with the control,the activity of urease with organic manure showed a gradual upward trend,while the single fertilizer showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing.[Conclusion]Comprehensive comparison of the indicators,vermicompost co-applide with chicken manure（ 50% and 50% of nitrogen was provided by vermicompost and chicken manure,respectively） had better effect on the nutrition accumulation in watermelon fruit during the fruiting period,which was an ideal fertilization practices.