烟草专用配方复合肥对贵州湄潭烟叶产质量的影响

Effects of Special Compound Fertilizer for Flue-cured Tobacco on Yield and Quality of Tobacco in Meitan Country Guizhou Province

[目的]筛选适宜湄潭山地烟区烤烟生产的适宜配方复合肥料。[方法]采用大区设计,研究3种新配方复合肥配施有机肥对烤烟株型、经济性状、化学成分协调性及评吸质量的影响。[结果]T_2处理(N:P_2O_5:K_2O为10:10:24)能够改善烤烟株型,产值较对照(常规复合肥料)提高了1.37%,评吸质量较对照提高了1.70分,但化学成分协调性欠佳;T_1处理(N∶P2O5∶K_2O为10∶12∶24)烤烟的评吸质量较对照提高了0.40分,产值有所降低,但化学成分协调性较好;T_3处理(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O为10∶8∶24)烤烟经济性状、化学成分及评吸质量较对照略有降低或持平。[结论]3种新配方复合肥对烤烟产质量改善的综合作用效果由优到劣依次为T_2、T_1、T_3。

Objective]To select a suitable compound fertilizer in tobacco cultivation areas in North Guizhou.[Method]Using large-area design,the effect of three new formula compound fertilizers combined with organic manure on plant type,economic traits,chemical composition coordination and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied.[Result]T2（N∶P2O5∶K2O of 10∶10∶24）formula could improve the plant type,and the production value was 1.37%higher than that of the control（conventional compound fertilizer）.The smoking quality was improved by 1.7 points compared with the control,but the chemical composition was poor;The quality of flue-cured tobacco with T1（N∶P2O5∶K2O of 10∶12∶24）formula was improved by 0.4 points compared with the control.The production value was decreased,but coordination of chemical composition was better;T3（N∶P2O5∶K2O of 10∶8∶24）formula flue-cured tobacco economic characteristics,chemical composition and evaluation of smoking quality were slightly lower than the control or flat.[Conclusion]The comprehensive effect of fertilizer on tobacco production and quality improvement was T2,T1 and T3.